Preheat and prep: Heat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Lightly oil a 9x13-inch baking dish or similar.
Sauté aromatics: Warm the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat.
Add onion and bell pepper; cook 5–6 minutes until softened. Stir in garlic; cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Build the filling: Add black beans, corn, diced tomatoes with juices, green chiles, salsa, broth, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, oregano, salt, and pepper. Stir and simmer 5–7 minutes until slightly thickened.
Brighten it up: Turn off heat.
Stir in lime zest and a squeeze of lime juice. Taste and adjust salt, pepper, or lime as needed.
Optional starch: If using cooked rice or quinoa, fold it into the filling. This adds body and stretches the servings.
Layer the casserole: Spread a thin layer of the bean mixture into the baking dish.
Add a layer of tortilla strips. Repeat, ending with bean mixture on top. Sprinkle evenly with shredded cheese.
Bake: Cover with foil and bake 15 minutes.
Uncover and bake another 10–15 minutes, until the cheese is melted and bubbling and the sides are sizzling.
Rest and garnish: Let the casserole rest 10 minutes before scooping. Top with chopped cilantro and any extras like avocado or a dollop of sour cream.
Serve: Spoon into bowls and finish with a wedge of lime and a dash of hot sauce for extra kick.